(eds.), "al-Bathanīya - البثينة " in The Beth Qaṭraye Gazetteer last modified January 10, 2020, https://bqgazetteer.bethmardutho.org/place/5018
  
    
      
        
          al-Bathanīya
          البثينة
          Batanaia
          Basanitis
          
          [C]orresponds in name to the Bas̲h̲an of the Old Testament, the etymology of which is given by the Arabic bat̲h̲na "soft, fertile area". Historically however it does not coincide with the kingdom of Bas̲h̲an, mentioned in the Old Testament, which comprised the whole northern half of the Eastern land of Jordan, but was first applied to the district of Batanaea which in the Graeco-Roman period only denoted one, though a central, section of this kingdom.
          
            وجنوبيها [من ديار العرب] وشيء من غربيهاثم يمتد عليها من ايلة على مدائن قوم لوط والبحيرة المنتنة التي تعرف ببحيرة زغر الى الشراة والبلقاء وهي من عمل فلسطين وأذرعات وحوران والبثنية والغوطة ونواحى بعلبك وذلك من عمل دمشق
          
                    
                        33.25 36.25
                    
          https://bqgazetteer.bethmardutho.org/place/5018
          http://syriaca.org/place/5018
          http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678054
          
            Kitāb al-masālik wa al-mamālik
                        Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad Ibn Ḥawqal
                        
            17
          
                    
                        Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
                        P. Bearman
                        
                    
                    
                        http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678054Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places Roger Bagnall Richard Talbert Tom Elliott Lindsay Holman et al.